A few comments on Response 5

1. Odysseus is the King of Ithaca and one of the Greek Heroes who fights in the Trojan War. He is also known for his "persuasive speech" as seen in Book 9 of the Iliad. In the Odyssey, Odysseus is the one who is lost and cannot return home. Odysseus is NOT searching for his father. Telemachus, the son of Odysseus, IS searching for Odysseus in order to solve the problem of all the suitors who have been eating him out of his house.

2. Odysseus is detained from his return home by several people, including Kalypso with whom he currently resides. However, Poseidon is the original perpetrator, since he is angry with Odysseus for gauging his son's eye out (Polyphemos the Cyclops). We will read more about that in book 11.

3. Penelope. A lot of people seemed confused about why she could not fend off the suitors herself. But recall that this is not a modern story and that the women of this time period really had no rights. So, while Penelope is certainly royalty, she does not have the ability to kick out the suitors who are ruining her home. Furthermore, if, indeed, Odysseus is dead then it is her and Laertes' responsibility to have her married off to a new King.

4. Several others seem to think Telemachos is weak and should have addressed the suitors earlier... recall that he is barely 20. Most men don't marry til they're 30-ish, so he is not exactly of age to be chastising the suitors or even trying to kick them out, as we discussed in class, and not of an age where they would respect him.

A guy singing book 9 in Greek with Guitar... yeah

Duck Tales "Home Sweet Homer"

For your viewing pleasure courtesy of Carlos...

Reading Response 5 (Due Monday)

I apologize for not posting this earlier, I forgot that my 88 year old grandmother does not have internet :/

Reading Assignment: Odyssey Books 1 & 2

(3 & 4 if you have time, or read online summary)

The questions for Monday (1 paragraph minimum each)

1. How does this compare to the Iliad so far? Is anything confusing? Is it getting easier to read?

2. Why has Odysseus not yet returned home? Where is he currently?

3. What did you make of Telemachos' speech to the suitors after Athena/Mentor gave him advice? Why do you think he took so long to say these things? What did you think about Antinoos' response?

4. Why mention how much glory Orestes received in avenging his father's death?

5. What are your opinions of Penelope and Telemachos? Why?

Summary of unassigned books:

http://www.classics.ucsb.edu/faculty/morstein/classes/mythology/homer_summaries.htm

Don't Forget About Response 4

Hey Guys,

A few of you seemed to have forgotten about Response 4. I apologize that it got buried under several other posts. But if you look at the left hand column, there are link to each individual blog, where you can find Response 4 if you have not yet submitted it.

I'll try to get Response 5 up today but no promises... leaving for Chicago as we speak.

Have a good weekend!

The History of the House of Atreus

Here's what I was going to share this morning. As far as reading the play, it will be much different than what we've read so far, but for the purpose of our discussion tomorrow I just want you to focus on the story. I will give you a proper introduction to Ancient Greek theater later after we finish the Odyssey. So, don't worry if something doesn't make complete sense, or if you don't understand everything that's going on. I mainly wanted to give you then end of the story of Agamemnon before jumping into Odysseus' story and the second Homeric poem.

Tantalus – Son of (disputed): Zeus & Pluto, Oceanus & Tethys, Tmolus.

Friend of Zeus, stole immortal food to share with mortals. Invited immortal gods to a banquet, but did not have enough food. So, he cut up his son Pelops & served him to the gods. Only Demeter ate the food, since she was the only one who did not recognize the meal. Punished in Hades by standing in unreachable water and unreachable fruit above his head, forever “tantalized”.

Pelops – Son of Tantalus

Desired to marry Hippodameia, daughter of King Oenomaus, the Arcadian King of Pisa and Elis. Oenomaus challenged all suitors to a chariot race. Hippodameia would ride with each suitor in the race and if the suitor won, Oenomaus would die. Oenomaus tricked them by letting them start early while he sacrificed to Zeus. Myrtilus (son of Hermes), Oenomaus’ charioteer, also fell in love with Hippodameia. Pelops convinced him to betray Oenomaus in return for the privilege of spending the bridal night with Hippodameia. Once they won and got away, Pelops did not follow through on their agreement and threw Myrtilus off of a cliff into the sea. On his way down, Myrtilus cursed Pelops and his descendants.

Atreus – Son of Pelops & Hippodameia

Thyestes – Son of Pelops & Hippodameia

Atreus promised to sacrifice the finest of his flock to Artemis. Hermes in revenge for Myrtilus’ murder sent a golden lamb. Atreus sacrificed the lamb but kept the golden fleece. The council decided that the throne belonged to the owner of the lamb/fleece. So, Thyestes devised a plan to steal the fleece from Atreus by way of seducing Atreus’ wife, Aerope. From there, ensued a long battle back and forth of stealing it from each other. Eventually, Aerope gave birth to Pelopia after Thyestes fled. Later on, Thyestes accidentally rapes his daughter Pelopia, who gives birth to Aegisthus. Atreus as King, raised him and then sent him to kill Thyestes. He fails, Thyestes recognizes him as his own son, and tells him to bring his mother to him. Pelopia recognizes that her father was the rapist and commits suicide. Thyestes then sends Aegisthus to kill Atreus and succeeds.

Tyndareus & Leda – King and Queen of Sparta, contemporaries with Atreus & Thyestes

Leda was seduced by Zeus in the form of a swan and gave birth to 4 children: Polydeuces & Helen in one egg, and Castor and Clytamnestra in the other egg. The twin brothers later become gods, while Helen and Clytamnestra remain mortals (Helen being the most beautiful of all women).

Agamemnon – Son of Atreus & Aerope

Menelaus – Song of Atreus & Aerope

After Aegisthus killed Atreus and Thyestes became King of Mycenae, Agamemnon and Menelaus received help from King Tyndareus (Sparta) in regaining their thrones. With Tyndareus’ help, Thyestes was forced to give Agamemnon the throne of Mycenae. Menelaus, of course, later marries Tyndareus’ daughter, Helen, and becomes King of Sparta.

Menelaus and Helen have one daughter, Hermione*, before Helen is seduced by Paris and taken to Troy.

Agamemnon first went to war against Tantalus, King of Pisa, the son of his uncle Broteas. After conquering, he married Tantalus’ widow, Clytamnestra, daughter of Tyndareus. With her he has 4 children: Iphigenia, Orestes, Chrysothemis, and Electra.

Iphigenia – Daughter of Agamemnon & Clytamnestra

In order to appease Artemis, and guarantee a victory at Troy, Agamemnon sacrificed his daughter Iphigenia at Aulis before leaving for Troy.

Aegisthus – Incest son of Pelopia (daughter) & Thyestes (father)

After Agamemnon left for Troy, Aegisthus seduced Clytamnestra, which wasn’t very hard to do since she was already angry with Agamemnon. Together they plotted to murder Agamemnon upon his return home.

Hermione - Daughter of Menelaus & Helen

First is married to Neoptolemus (son of Achilles). Later, Orestes kills Neoptolemus and marries Hermione.

* If the name Hermione calls to mind Harry Potter, J.K. Rowling studied classics as her undergraduate major :)

This is ridiculous... PART TWO

This is ridiculous... PART ONE

Iliad Books 19-24

Book 19:

Achilles gets his new armor... 5-15

Achilles & Agamemnon are reconciled

Briseis speaks... 287-300

Briseis claims that she was "engaged" to Achilles. Proof that she's not actually his wife!!

Neoptolemos... 326-327

Achilles son. Neoptolemos is the one who actually kills King Priam. This story is also found in the Aeneid and NOT in the Iliad. Don't be confused by the movie Troy, in which Menelaos kills Priam, because it's wrong.

Achilles Arming scene... 367-399

Compare to arming scene of Patroklos and Hera

Xanthos (Achilles' horse) speaks... 400-424

Hera allowed Xanthos to speak. So, Xanthos prophesies Achilles' death.

Achilles RAGE elevates to a divine level, thus he speaks with Xanthos without noticing that his horse actually spoke to him.

Book 20:

Zeus assembles the Gods... 13-40

a. Gods return to battle because of Achilles' unfair advantage

Achilles reappears... 42

Apollo urges Aineas (Aeneas) to fight Achilles...86

FLYTING between Achilles and Aineas... 156-258

Poseidon must choose whether to save Aineas... 310

a. What do we already know about Aineas' fate? (i.e. Virgil's Aeneid)

b. How does he escape death at the hands of Achilles?

Achilles kills Hektor's brother, Polydoros... 419

First Interaction between Achilles and Hektor... 365

Apollo saves Hektor... 440

a. Achilles rushes the mist 3 times and fails, 4th time he breaks into it but isn't able to harm Hektor

Achilles kills a lot of people... 455-500

Book 21:

Lykaon... 35

River Skamander (a.k.a. Xanthos River)... 214

a. Gets mad at Achilles because of the number of corpses in the river.

b. Tries to drown Achilles

c. Achilles says WTF... 275

d. Hephaistos sends an "inhuman fire" to fight the river

-- Fire vs. Water battle = ELEVATED POETRY

-- 365-512 Arguments & fighting between Gods

Agenor (Trojan) fights Achilles... 544

Apollo saves Agenor in a "mist". Achilles chases them... 595

Book 22:

Achilles & Apollo interact. Apollo tells Achilles to back off... 5-20

Priam sees Achilles & begs Hektor not to fight him... 25-76

Hecabe/Hecuba also begs Hektor not to fight... 77-89

Hektor's internal debate... 90

Hektor sees Achilles & flees. Achilles chases him 3 times... 135

Gods look down & debate over who should win... 165

Hektor tries to bargain with Achilles but does not succeed... 255

Achilles kills Hektor... 325-360

Hektor begs not to be fed to the dogs... 338

Achilles strips Hektor of his armor & Achaians stab his corpse

Achilles drags Hektor's body... 395

Andromache learns of Hektor's death and mourns... 437

Andromache mourns & bemoans the future of Astyanax (son)... 485

Book 23:

Funeral preparations & pyre for Patroklos

-- a pyre is a structure on which you place a body in order to burn it (i.e. ancient cremation)

Funeral Games for Patroklos (in his honor)

Book 24:

Thetis & Achilles... 133

Priam finds Achilles in the Achaian camp... 468

Priam's Speech to Achilles... 485

Achilles lets go of his anger... 512-516

Achilles speaks to Priam... 560-570

Achilles helps Priam get Hektor's body ready to carry back to Troy... 590

Achilles calls out to Patroklos not to be angry... 592

Kassandra is first to see her father, Priam, carrying Hektor's body... 699

Hektor's funeral & end of the Iliad... 778

Iliad Books 14-18

Book 14:

Hera's arming scene... 153-223

Aphrodite lends her the "zone"

Women's arming scene is a bit of a parody on Book 2's Catalogue of ships.

Also compare to arming scenes of Patroklos and Achilles

Seduction of Zeus...292-360

Is Zeus really omniscient/omnipotent?

How do the divine affairs parallel human affairs?

What can this scene tell us about Greek social norms for women?

Book 15:

Zeus's prophesy... 5-77

Zeus wakes up from his seduction nap... 4-91

Book 16:

Patroklos' arming scene with Achilles' armor... 130-154

Achilles prays to Zeus... 220-248

Zeus Hears Achilles' prayer. He grants ONE wish but NOT the second... 249-256

Zeus, Hera, Sarpedon... 419

Zeus tries to interfere with the fate of Sarpedon (his son)... 433-461

What does this tell us about fate?

What would happen if Zeus DID interfere?

Death of Patroklos = Death of a SUBSTITUTE!!... 816-end

Book 17:

Menelaos defends the body of Patroklos...6-105

Apollo encourages Hektor... 69-81

Menelaos is forced to surrender the body of Patroklos to Hektor... 89-105

Menelaos talks to Aias about getting the naked body back (armor was stripped)... 120

Aias stops Hektor from decapitating Patroklos' corpse... 125-131

Hektor gives Achilles' armor to the Trojans... 130-131

Aias protects corpse of Patroklos... 132-139

Glaukos shames Hektor on the behalf of Sarpedon... 140-168

Glaukos suggests a barter with the heroes' corpses... 156-164

-- If the Trojans could have secured Patroklos' body, they could have bargained for Sarpedon's body with the Achaians.

Zeus comments on the action... 198-208

Fight over Patroklos' corpse ensues... 237-581

Menelaos saves the corpse of Patroklos... 574-581

Achaians carry the body of Patroklos back to the ships... 735

Book 18:

"Achilles is told of Patroklos' death. Achilles mourns Patroklos and Hephaistos makes him a new shield"

Nestor tells Achilles the news... 15-21

Achilles mourns Patroklos... 22-31

Achilles speaks with Thetis... 50-145

Funeral Preparations for Patroklos... 343-353

-- example of ancient Greek funerary practices

Thetis persuades Hephaistos to make Achilles a new shield... 424

Hephaistos makes Achilles a new shield... 474-616

Bronze, gold, silver, tin... 474-477

sky, constellations... 483-489

Two cities... 490-540

** focus on 497-508. Compare blood price feud to Achilles' situations.

Agricultural scene... 541-560

Vineyard scene... 561-572

Oxen... 573-586

Ocean River... 605-607

Iliad Books 7-9

Book 7

1. Athena & Apollo 7.17-42

2. Hektor challenges the Achaians 7.67

3. Casting Lots (like drawing straws) 7.181

4.Flyting - exchange of words/boasting before hand-to-hand combat. 7.225-243 (Ajax & Hektor)

5. Hektor & Ajax fight until dusk (7.244-282)

6. Poseidon is offended that the Achaians did not sacrifice to him (why?) 7.441-480

Book 8

1. Auguries - bird omens. The eagle represents Zeus (8.245-252)

2. Hera & Athena join the fight 8.350-396

3 Zeus reacts... 8.397-408)

N.B. the following quote from Zeus

"Yet with Hera I am not so angry, neither indignant

since it is ever her way to cross the commands I give her" (8.407-408)

Hektor burns down the Achaian walls 8.495

Book 9: Embassy to Achilles

Who is involved?

Why are they going to see Achilles?

What does each say to him?

What is his response? Why?

Odysseus (9.225-306)

First appeal: 9.252-258

Second appeal: 9.260-298

Phoinix (9.434-605)

First main appeal: 9.477-501

Story of Meleagros: 9.529-599

How is the story of Meleagros parallel to Achilles?

Ajax (Aias) (9.624-642)

Main appeal: 9.632-636

How does Achilles react? (9.645)

Reading Response 4 & Following

For this week you have left to read Iliad 19-24, Agamemnon, and the Harrington article. I'll post notes today to help you through the rest of this week. As you start writing the 4th reading response, make sure you're actually engaging the reading material in your responses. Most of you are doing just fine but I figured everyone could use the reminder. So, if it says "use direct quotes to support your discussion," make sure to do so.

This week's questions:

(Short Answer)
1. Now that you've finished the Iliad, what are your ending opinions/thoughts?

(Short Answer)

2. What purpose do you see in reading the Iliad, if any, beyond a simple requirement for a college course? I mean, does it have any relevance to the modern world?

(Long Answer)

3. How would you describe a "Homeric Hero"? Give some specific examples to support your explanation.

(Long Answer)

4. In the play, Agamemnon, we see what happens to King Agamemnon upon his return home to Mycenae after the sack of Troy. Based on what we already know about Agamemnon and the events preceding the Trojan War, do you think Clytamnestra is justified in her actions? Why or why not? Use specific examples & direct quotes to support your discussion.

Dr. Donald Kagan, Yale, Lectures on Sparta & Greek Tyranny

The first few minutes discuss hoplite warfare and the phalanx. It's pretty long but it might be interesting for at least a little bit.

Yale Lecture on the Dark Ages... a little more than what I was going to share

Spencer Harrington, "Behind the Mask of Agamemnon" in the magazine Archaeology

Reading for Thursday includes the play Agamemnon and the article "Behind the Mask of Agamemnon". See the link below for the article:

http://www.archaeology.org/9907/etc/mask.html

Reading Response 3 (Due Monday)

Reading Assignment for Monday 6/22: Iliad Book 16, 17, 18

Book 16 (Short Answer)

How does Patroklos acquire Achilles’ armor? More importantly, what did you think about the conversation between Achilles and Patroklos? What is your opinion of Partoklos based on Book 9 & 16

Regardless of whether you’ve read the Iliad before, how did you react to Patroklos’ death? What purpose do you think his death serves?

Book 17 (Short Answer)

Why the fight over Patroklos’ dead body? More specifically, what purpose does Glaukos see in taking the body to the Trojan camp?

Book 18 (Long Answer )

1. What does Homer describe on the shield of Achilles in Book 18? What purpose do you think this description serves in relation to the rest of the story of the Iliad. Do you see any parallels to the action of the main plot in the Iliad in the description of the scenes on the shield? Regarding the scenes that do not seem to be directly related to the main plot, what other purpose is served by including. Use direct quotes to support your discussion.

Reading for 6/18

Now that you're somewhat familiar with the Trojan War I thought you might enjoy the following...

Was There a Trojan War?

http://www.archaeology.org/0405/etc/troy.html

The Aftermath of the Trojan War:

http://www.uwm.edu/Course/mythology/1200/twar2.htm

Also, check out the current excavation at Troy, a German project:

http://www.uni-tuebingen.de/troia/eng/index.html

Change in Reading Schedule for Monday 6/22

After reviewing Books 15-18, I would prefer that you SKIP Book 15, and READ Book 17 instead.

So, the new reading schedule for Monday covers Book 16, 17, 18.

Homeric Warriors and Battles: Trying to Resolve Old Problems

Kurt Raaflaub is a professor of Classics at Brown University. His article, titled "Homeric Warriors and Battles: Trying to Resolve Old Problems," gives more insight on how to interpret what we are reading in the Iliad. Specifically whether to take these scenes at face value and as accurate historical depictions or, instead, to view them as a collective memory of "a distant era of greatness" which has been fantastically exaggerated, in it's current form, by the poets of the Archaic Period.

Recall that the Iliad and Odyssey were both written in the Archaic Period (800-490), sometime around 750 BCE, but the events described in these two poems supposedly took place in the Bronze Age (3,000 - 1150 BCE). So that means we're talking a minimum gap of 300 years up to 1200 years. So listening to a poet recite the story of the Iliad would be similar to listening to your great grandfather recite stories about relatives who fought in the Revolutionary War of the United States. However, we have actual artifacts from the Revolutionary War to confirm or discredit these types of memories/stories and we really don't have much from the Early/Middle Bronze Age at all. What we do have does not necessarily confirm these stories, though one Archaeologist, Heinrich Schliemann, claims to have found the burial of Agamemnon, which we will read more about later.

Enjoy the rest of his article below if you're interested. It's about 14 pages long, including extensive footnotes, and is well written so it should be a quick read.

http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com/hww/results/external_link_maincontentframe.jhtml?_DARGS=/hww/results/results_common.jhtml.30

Apollo's Reason for Being Pro-Trojan

So, we haven't talked at all about the Greek gods outside of the context of the Iliad but here's our first opportunity...

Apollo really liked mortal women, but generally did not have much luck with them. The important piece for the purpose of our discussion is that he had an affair with Hecuba (the Queen of Troy and wife to Priam):

"The most famous mortal loves of Apollo was Hecuba, she was the wife of Priam, the king of Troy. She bore him Troilius. Foretold by an oracle, as long as Troilius reached the age of twenty, Troy could not be defeated. But the hero Achilles ambushed and killed him, when the young prince and his sister Polyxena secretly visited a spring. Apollo also fell in love with Cassandra, the sister of Troilius, and daughter of Hecuba and Priam. He seduced Cassandra on the promise that he would teach her the art of prophecy, but having learnt the prophetic art she rejected him. Apollo, being angry of her rejection punished her, by declaring her prophecies never to be accepted or believed."

Read the rest of Apollo's story at: http://www.pantheon.org/articles/a/apollo.html

Troy Clip: Menelaus & Paris Duel

Reading Response 2 (Due Thursday)

Book 5 & 6 (Short Answer: 2-4 sentences)

1. Who is the main character of these 2 books and how would you describe his actions? What happened that allowed him to do these things? Who, specifically, does he interact with? What is different about his interaction with Glaukos?

Book 9 (Long Answer: 2-3 paragraphs)

1. What arguments does Odysseus use in his attempt to persuade Achilles? How do Phoinix’s and Aias’s attempt to persuade Achilles? Keeping in mind Achilles’ responses, whose argument is most convincing? What is your opinion of Achilles’ decision? If you were Achilles, what would you do?

Book 14 (Short Answer: 2-3 sentences)

1. What does Hera have to do to seduce Zeus?

Powell Chapter (At least 1 paragraph)

Based on Powell’s chapter, how do you think you would have fared as an Ancient Greek? What would you have liked/disliked about life during that time? Support your explanation with quotations or paraphrased examples from the chapter. What would you miss most about modern-day life?

Iliad Review 1-6

1. Reasons to watch Troy for fun but not for correct content:

No Trojan horse in the Iliad

No sack of Troy in the Iliad

No sex scenes with Briseis in the Iliad

Phoinix and Ajax are not in the Embassy to Achilles in the movie

Priam and Achilles DO NOT die in the Iliad

Troy is missing the funeral games for Patroklos and Hektor

No gods on battlefield in Troy

2. Hard time recalling each book? Try to give the books a title. For example, I titled book 3 "Helen reviews the champions, Menelaos and Paris fight". Or, for book 5 I have "Diomedes' killing rage".

3. Questions to think about as you go:

What kinds of functions do the gods perform?

What powers do they have? what do they lack?

**What is the relationship between gods and men?

How do the humans think of the gods?

Is the relationship consistent?

Background of Trojan war in Greek mythology:

Story of the Apple of Discord

Wedding of Thetis & Peleus (WHO is Thetis?)

ERIS (personnification of strife) throws a golden apple into the wedding party with a note "to the fairest" attached.

Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite ALL think it's for them, which causes an argument

Judgement of Paris

Goddesses want to know who deserves the Apple of Discord

They ask Paris, son of Priam (Trojan King)

Each offers him a gift to bribe him

Aphrodite offers the most beautiful woman: Helen of Sparta, married to Menelaos

Paris steals Helen from Sparta

BOOK ONE: Make sure to read & focus on the following

Chryses & Invocation of Apollo (lines 1-52)

a. Who is Chryses? Chryseis?

b. Why is he angry at Agamemnon? (lines 8-33)

c. What does he ask Apollo to do? (line 35-52)

d. Prayer & offering scene (445-475)

Achilles & Agamemnon

a. Why is Achilles angry at Agamemnon? (105-194)

b. What/Who does Agamemnon steal from Achilles? (180-187)

c. What does Achilles try to do? Who stops him? (187-195)

d. What is Achilles' response to Agamemnon? (292-303)

e. What does Achilles do after this? (350-427)

f. What does his mother Thetis do? (495-530)

Achilles & Athena

Think about relationships between gods & men here.

How does Athena appear to Achilles?

What is his response to her?

Achilles

Why does he think he's special?

Agamemnon?

Why does he think he's special?

BOOK THREE

Paris & Menelaos "Fight"

Paris (30-36)

Paris & Hektor (38-75)

See oath scene, line 276, before the fight (Zeus is god of oath swearing)

Why do they end up not fighting? (370-382)

What happens to Paris?

Helen & Aphrodite (383-426)

BOOK FIVE & SIX: Diomedes' Aristeia

Diomedes & Athena

What power does she give him?

Who does he attack?

Diomedes & Glaukos

XENIA!

Story of Bellerophon

Diomedes & Aphrodite 5.334 & following

Aphrodite is carrying Aeneas (from Virgil's Aeneid), he has a crushed hip

Aphrodite is "scratched" by Diomedes, drops Aeneas & runs away to Olympus

Diomedes & Ares

Diomedes & Apollo 5.432

5.440 - "Take care, give back, son of Tydeus,and strive no longer to make yourself like the gods in mind, since never the same is the breed of gods, who are immortal, and men who walk groundling"

Other sections of note

Andromache & Hektor (6. 405-end)

Status in the Iliad

Agamemnon - King of Mycenae (i.e. most powerful Greek)

Menelaos - King of Lacedaemonia (i.e. Sparta)

Achilles - King of the Myrmidons

Odysseus - King of Ithaca

Aias (Ajax) - from Salamis

Diomedes - from Argos

Welcome & Reading Response 1

Hi Everyone,

In case you lost your copy of the Reading Response 1 questions, here they are:

Reading Assignment: Iliad Bk 1 & 3, read summary of Bk 2 from handout, look over chronologies and family trees to help you sort through what's going on in the first book.

Answers to the questions for this Reading Response should be about 1 paragraph per question since they're mostly just guiding questions as you get used to reading the Iliad.

Book 1

1. What are the motivations for the argument between Agamemnon and Achilles?

2. What do you think of Achilles and Agamemnon thus far? Why?

Book 3

1. How would you describe the relationship between Paris and his brother Hektor?

2. Who wins the duel between Paris and Menelaus? How?

3. What is Helen’s attitude toward Paris? What does Aphrodite do about it?

What do you think of Paris, Hektor, Aphrodite and Helen so far? Why?